Power Switchgear Equipment
Calgary, AB (Feb 10 - 12, 2010)
Course Code: 00-0204-2051

After participating in this course, you will be able to:
•  Understand switchgear devices needed for low-voltage, medium voltage, and high-voltage power
•  Understand the differences between applications of metal-enclosed and metal-clad switchgear
•  Enhance your knowledge of switchgear components
•  Benefit from real-life applications giving details of problems and solutions
•  Acquire knowledge to help you reduce your operating and maintenance costs
•  Take advantage of an objective discussion on the equipment life extension options: replace, rebuild or retrofit and their
    application to your own switchgear equipment
 
Description
A thorough knowledge of state-of-the-art power switchgear equipment is a prerequisite to decisions on whether to replace, rebuild or retrofit
your switchgear equipment. These decisions become more difficult due to increasingly complex distribution systems, whether provided by a
utility, large industry or a commercial or institutional building ranging from LV (up to 600 V), MV (up to 34.5 kV) through HV (above 34.5 kV).

This seminar will describe all products such as fuses, switches, circuit breakers, automatic circuit reclosers and sectionalizers, protective relays,
and metal-enclosed switchgear with drawout circuit breakers, stationary/drawout load break interrupter switches, and unit substations. There is specific emphasis on the most-used equipment including the metal-enclosed/metal-clad switchgear and the various interrupting devices used in the
drawout designs and unit substations.

The seminar covers specific arrangements with selection/coordination; circuit breaker design and application differences including moulded
case and the large live tank types. It also describes the medium voltage arc-proof metal-clad switchgear. Application considerations with respect
to standards, practical recommendations for extension of service life for older, existing installations as well as protective relaying, control and
metering are special features of this seminar.

Objective
To provide an update on the recent advances in switchgear technology.

Who Should Attend
Engineers, technologists and technicians, and other technical personnel from power utilities industry, municipal utilities, consulting engineering
firms and manufacturers of electrical equipment who are involved with the design, operation and maintenance of power switchgear equipment
and associated protection schemes.
 
Program Outline
 
Faculty: Ajit Bapat, P.Eng., M.Eng., MBA
 
Day I
 
8:00        Registration and Coffee
 
8:20        Welcome and Introduction
 
8:30       Introduction and Overview
           •  Substations
           •  Power switchgear
              - Types
              - Standards
              - Tests
              - Insulation systems
              - Disconnecting devices
              - Operating systems
            •  Safety
 
9:30        Stretch Break
 
9:40        Electrical Switching Stresses
           •  Current interruption in power systems
           •  Recovery transients (RV, TRV, RRRV)
           •  Fault duties
           •  Harmonics
           •  Closing transients
           •  Load, capacitor and inductor switching
           •  Lightning considerations
 
10:40      Refreshments and Networking
 
11:00      Typical Substation Design
             •  Layouts
             •  Equipment types
             •  Basic concepts of substations engineering: space planning,
             •  cost planning
 
12:30       Lunch
 
1:30        Low Voltage Switchgear and Breakers
           •  ANSI specifications for low voltage switchgear and
           •  breakers: temperature rise, ratings, design tests, production
           •  tests and usual and unusual service conditions
           •  Construction features of low voltage switchgear
           •  UL and CSA standards
           •  Comparison with IEC standard of switchgear and low
           •  voltage circuit breakers
           •  Comparison of insulated case breakers and air circuit breakers
           •  Retrofit of old switchgear with new trip devices
 
2:30        Refreshments and Networking
 
2:50        Metal-Enclosed and Metal Clad Switchgear
            •  Classification of switchgear assemblies
            •  Detailed review of ANSI standards
            •  Load break switches, ratings, dimensions, construction
            •  feature, current limiting and expulsion fuses
            •  Metal enclosed circuit breaker switchgear
            •  Dimensions and construction features
 
Power Switchgear Equipment
 
3:30        Medium-Voltage Switchgear and Circuit Breakers
            •  Types of circuit breakers
            •  Applications
            •  Design criteria
            •  Definition of ratings of circuit breakers
            •  Medium voltage circuit breaker interrupting media
            •  Standards and methods of testing
            •  Service/maintenance
  
4:30 Adjournment
 
Day II
 
8:30       High Voltage Circuit Breakers
           •  Types-SF6, bulk oil, air blast, vacuum
           •  Indoor or outdoor, fixed or draw-out types
           •  Ratings, fault-interrupting capability, continuous current
           •  Applications
           •  Gas insulated switchgear
 
9:40        Refreshments and Networking
 
10:00       Commissioning Tests for Switchgear
             •  Safety considerations
             •  Trip and close timing tests
             •  Contact resistance tests
             •  Control circuits and interlocks
             •  Insulation system
             •  Monitoring systems and alarms- SF6, Gas, Air
             •  Disconnect or isolating switches
 
11:00      Maintenance Tests for Switchgear
            •  Safety considerations
            •  Temperature surveys
            •  Insulation systems
            •  Control circuits and interlocks
            •  Alarms and monitoring
            •  Timing tests
            •  Contact resistance tests
            •  Buswork and cable connections
 
12:00      Lunch
 
1:00        Protective Relaying Systems
            •  Power system faults
            •  Magnitude of fault current
            •  Requirements of protection systems
            •  Components of power system protection schemes
            •  Current transformers and voltage transformers
            •  Feeder overcurrent protection
            •  Bus differential protection
 
2:30        Refreshments and Networking
 
2:50        Coordination of Electrical Protection Systems
            •  Fuse to Fuse
            •  Circuit breaker to fuse
            •  Fuse to circuit breaker
            •  Backup protection
            •  Radial distribution systems
            •  Interconnected systems with two-way flow of fault current
            •  Selective zones of protection
            •  Breaker failure protection
            •  Auto-reclosing of circuit breakers
 
4:30        Adjournment

Day III
 
8:30        Case Study I - Low Voltage
             •  A discussion will follow the presentation of the case study.
             •  Participants are encouraged to take part in the discussion.
 
10:20      Refreshments and Networking
 
10:40      Case Study II - Medium Voltage
            •  A discussion will follow the presentation of the case study.
            •  Participants are encouraged to take part in the discussion.
 
11:40      Lunch
 
12:40      Life Extension of Switchgear Control Equipment
            •  Electrical equipment life
            •  Limits
            •  Mode of failure
            •  Tests
            •  Diagnostic and deterministic procedures
            •  Equipment life extension options: replace, rebuild, retrofit
            •  Comparisons between interrupting technologies - oil, air,
            •  SF6 and vacuum
            •  Typical installation considerations
            •  Application considerations
 
2:40        Refreshments and Networking
 
3:00        Case Study III - High Voltage
             •  A discussion will follow the presentation of the case study.
             •  Participants are encouraged to take part in the discussion.
  
4:00        Concluding Remarks and Final Adjournment

Special Features
In three days you gain knowledge to ask the right questions so that you can select suitable switchgear, operate, and maintain it economically, and confidently make decisions whether to refurbish or replace equipment. If you already have experience with switchgear and protection components, you become familiar with the state-of-the-art technology, and get answers to all your questions to increase efficiency and economy of your switchgear equipment.

1.8 CEU / 18 PDH

Faculty

Ajit Bapat
Ajit Bapat is well known in the electrical distribution field having served over 40 years in the industry. His expertise in the art and science of ground fault protection is acknowledged in North America. He holds Master's Degrees in Business Administration and Electrical Engineering, specializing in Power Systems and Power System Protection, and has particular interest in ground fault protection, digital metering systems, microprocessor based integrated systems for protection, metering, monitoring and control of power distribution systems. He is a member of Professional Engineers Ontario and a senior member of the IEEE.